Katsina-Ala Multi-disciplinary Journal

SEBASTIAN ORAFAGA BII
Department of Economics,
College of Education,
Katsina-Ala.
e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

This is a review of a book titled Kicking Away the Ladder, in which Ha-Joon Chang, the author, discussed how the now developed countries became wealthy and what lessons this should provide for establishing a suitable framework for developing countries today. His historical analysis shows rather convincingly that the now-developed countries used largely employed interventionist policies to grow, and that their institutions were poorly developed when they themselves were developing countries. In fact, today’s developing countries are fewer protectionists and have better institutions than the now-developed countries had at comparable stages of development. The work concludes that the current framework in effect “Kicks away the ladder” the now developed countries used to achieve wealth and prosperity.

Key Words: Free Trade, Protectionism, Institutions Policy, Infant Industry, Prosperity, Economic, Development.

JOSEPH KASE
Department of Accountancy,
Akawe Torkula Polytechnic,
Makurdi, Benue state.
e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

This study examined the effect of ownership structure (proxied by managerial ownership, institutional ownership and foreign ownership) on profitability (proxied by ROA) of selected Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria for the period 2011-2019. The study adopted the correlation research design. Secondary data were extracted from the annual reports of selected banks and were analyzed using panel multiple regression analysis. From the analysis, the study revealed that managerial ownership and foreign ownership significantly affect profitability of listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. The study however found that institutional ownership does not significantly affect financial performance of listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that Managerial ownership should be discouraged in Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. This is necessary as large ownership of shares by managers can cause severe agency conflict where managers may tend to manage the organization in a way as to gain high yield on their shares to the detriment of other stakeholders. Furthermore, concentration of shares in the hands of foreign shareholders gives avenue for harnessing foreign ideas that can propel improved profitability of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria.

Keywords: Ownership Structure, Profitability, Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership and Foreign Ownership           

PATRICK D. GWA
Department of Accounting,
Akawe Torkula Polytechnic,
Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.
e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

This study examined the impact of capital structure on the profitability of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. A multiple regression of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) analytical technique was used to analyse the data. The study revealed that Long term debt and short term debts have positive impact on the profitability of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria and were statistically significant. On the other hand, Total debt ratio to total assets and total debt to total equity ratio did not show a significant relationship to the profitability of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study concluded that there is a positive relationship between capital structure and profitability of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study recommends that the regulatory authority such as SEC should make it mandatory for listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria to have some optimum level of leverage in their capital structure financing.

Keywords: Capital Structure; profitability; optimum capital mix

INALEGWU GODWIN UKPOJU
Demonstration Secondary School,
College of Education,
Katsina-Ala.
e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The research is a descriptive analysis of the realisation of the English voiced palatal semi-vowel /j/ by Idoma speakers of English. Data were gathered from live utterances of 30 Idoma speakers of English, 15 of whom are male and 15 female. To elicit the data for the research, a questionnaire containing 30 words (such as, computer, student, human, etc.), with the /j/ sound was administered to the respondents to pronounce. The data was analysed through the perception method to determine the realisation of the /j/ sound by the Idoma speakers of English. The data shows that Idoma speakers of English either omit or replace the /j/ sound with other vowels like /ɪ/ and /ʊ/, and this omission is largely due to the phonological process known as ‘elision’.The /j/ sound is therefore, not a problematic phoneme for Idoma speakers of English, even though many omissions were observed from the data.

Keywords: Realisation, Voiced, Palatal Semi-Vowel, Idoma Speakers, English

ROSE MBA IKYO
Department of Foundations and Management,
College of Education,
Katsina-Ala, Benue State.
e-mail: [email protected]

DORCAS ADE YAJIR
Department of Psychology,
College of Education,
Katsina-Ala, Benue State.

ABSTRACT

It is hardly debatable that implementation is the bane of public policies and programmes in Nigeria. A well formulated policy or programme is useless, if not properly implemented as its stated objectives will not be realised. The Universal Basic Education (UBE) programme was introduced in Nigeria in September 1999 by the Obasanjo administration. Twenty-one years after inception, the programme is still bedeviled by a number of implementation problems. This paper examines some of the major constraints impeding the effective implementation of the UBE programme in Nigeria. The paper then suggests some courses of action, to facilitate the successful implementation of the programme. Secondary sources of data collection with personal experience of the writer were called to bear on the findings of this paper.

Keywords:    Basic Education, Implementation, Nigeria Policy, Programme, Universal Basic Education.

GODWIN GEMMA APAV
Department of Mathematics,
College of Education, Katsina-Ala.
e-mail: [email protected]

AHANGBA PAHAR
N.K.S.T. Secondary School,
Katsina-Ala.

ABSTRACT

This study was a Quasi-experimental research aimed at determining the effect of instructional materials in teaching probability at senior secondary school two in Katsina-Ala township secondary schools. It was a randomized pre-test post-test control group design in which four mixed-sex secondary schools were purposively selected for study. A sample size of 40 students was randomly selected from stream B of SS 2 in each school sampled. The sample comprised 20 male and 20 female students. Data for the study was collected using Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) and instructional material for probability designed for the study. The ten-item test instrument was pilot tested and the coefficient of reliability obtained was 0.7. Mean achievement (), standard deviation and variance were used to answer the research questions and t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05significance level. The findings were that instructional materials improve students’ achievement in probability and that achievement in probability was not sex-biased. The researchers therefore recommended regular organization of workshops to update mathematics teachers’ skills in the use of instructional materials to help improve students’ performance in mathematics.

BONIFACE MYAGA
Department of Early Childhood Care and Education,
College of Education,
Katsina-Ala, Benue State.
e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The special-needs school children like other “normal” children, need guidance for vocational choice and counseling and for their individual problems, to be able to participate fully in society. The disability-related problems that interfere with their choice of career are hereby highlighted. Also, problems faced by the special-needs children during the period of transition from school to the work place are identified. The paper asserts that career planning may be of greater importance to children with special needs than those who are not challenged. This paper therefore recommended that, guidance counselors must recognize the need to assume an advocacy role for special-needs students to help ensure that they are guided into appropriate educational tracks.

Keywords: Disabilities, Career, Children, and Special needs.

JOSEPH KASE
Department of Accounting
Akawe Torkula Polytechnic,
Makurdi, Benue State.
e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

This study examined share price movement and performance of oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The study employed correlational study design to explain the pattern of share price movement, as it relates to performance of oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Secondary data were obtained from published financial statements of 10oil and gas companies listed on the floor of the Nigerian Stock Exchange, from 2014 to 2018. Descriptive Statistics, Correlation and Ordinary Least Square Regression were used for analysis. The findings indicated that dividend per share (DPS) has positive but insignificant relationship with profitability, while Price earnings ratio (PER) has positive and significant association with profitability. The result further suggested that only 57% of the variations in the dependent variable were caused by independent variables, while 43% were accounted for by other factors not captured in the model. Based on the findings, the study recommended that share price of companies in the oil and gas sector can be enhanced if they consistently guarantee shareholders of dividends accruing from their investment, as dividends convey a message about a firm’s prospects and performance. This will further motivate investors to invest a substantial percentage of their income in order to benefit from a unit value of the companies’ earnings.

Key words: Share Price Movement, Performance and Oil and gas sector.